Last fall,
the Trump Taj Mahal Casino in Atlantic City held a special contest : play casino to win. But not to win money, to win cosmetic surgery
processes ! Yes, in the “Nip, Tuck and Lift Sweepstakes”, the lucky winner
would gain $25,000 for plastic surgery.
Not
surprising considering our society’s focus on beauty (even though the lucky
winner chose the cash prize instead of the surgery). Just consider the many shows like “Extreme
Makeover”, “The Swan”, or “I Want a Famous Face” in which the contestant’s
unattractiveness is brandished and then exorcised by an extreme makeover. The principle is clear: it’s decided she must
look like someone else rather than herself for any hope to seduce or even have
a regular life that is no longer so unhappy or full of rejection.
In our
performance society, beauty is an arm, an asset, even a debt to be paid and
without which an individual can be severely handicapped. Professor of Economics Daniel S. Hamermesh
recently published his studies in Beauty Pays
in which he found that being less attractive can actually make you earn
10 – 15% less whereas remarkably thin women can earn $2,000 more each year than
the average woman on the job. For thin
men, their salary averages less than $9,000 per year compared to their heftier
colleagues.
Across
Western society, there’s a great amount of anxiety about body image. One 2012 study in New Zealand
showed 86% of the 1500 women surveyed think about their weight daily. In the UK, 75% of women and 80.7% men talk in ways that promote
anxiety about their body image by referring to perceived flaws and
imperfections, and children are increasingly younger to begin worrying about
size and shape. For example, according
to the APPG Report on Body Image released this week, by the age of 14 half of
girls and one third of boys have been on a diet to change their body shape (8
years old is the average age for a girl’s first diet). Teenagers are particularly susceptible,
pushing 70% of teenage girls to avoid participating in certain activities -
including going to school - because of body image anxiety.
We’ve known
about this for some time and benefitted particularly from Naomi Wolf’s great
work exposing the “Beauty Myth” back in 1991…
but Western mentality continues to be stunned by it and duped into servility.
And because
our performance society is exponentially growing with the media age, most everyone
is getting cornered into building their projected identity, a kind of
still-life identity they package and market… but which causes people to suffer
all the more out of either fear or frustration of not having a body that’s
adequate and/or in phase with whom they want to be (project to be) and how they
want to be accepted. With current
technology and science, we’re able to resolve some of the issues to give us our
best chances for feeling good about ourselves and for succeeding in what we
choose to do. After all, when a product isn’t selling, we change the
packaging to help it hook more consumers.
It’s all fair play in our practice of “marketing me”.
That’s why
so many speak with admiration of these kinds of procedures as Self Empowerment.
“She did it for herself,” they say. “She was no longer embarrassed about
herself.” “She really gained in self
confidence.” And others comment, “all
the power to her!”
And all of
this is so pervasive that instead of liberating women from the beauty myth,
we’re simply turning to men as a relay, “call it victor’s secret”. Alan White, a professor of men's health at Leeds
Metropolitan University, said: "These findings are worrying but not
surprising. There's been a big increase in the numbers of British men having
cosmetic procedures such as a nose job or removal of breast tissue; that's gone
from almost nothing to quite a significant industry over the last 10 years. All
this fuels the idea of the body beautiful and encourages a quick fix.
But is this really a story of Self
Empowerment? Or is this actually
emptying us out of more qualitative possibilities? And what are the unintended consequences?
1st
problem: beauty is in the eyes of the beholder. This leaves us beholden to others’ tastes and
expectations rather than our own.
Furthermore, this acceptance (or ostracism) is unpredictable for, as
David Riesman pointed out already back in the 1960s, the “other” can just as
easily change his/her mind. As a consequence, the fluctuations of
subjectivity (or even just cattiness) end up making the quest for beauty actually
disempowering. It is never one’s to own.
Relooking
“coaches” and “consultants” say that changing one’s appearance is only cosmetic
and doesn’t change “who you are” (still the same person) it seems clear that
deciding to look like not oneself must come at a great emotional cost – even if
the person enjoys the new attention, its seems probable that the relationships
built post-relooking are tainted by the fact that without this look (disowning
of one’s former appearance), the relationship would never have began. That seems like a lot of unnecessary baggage
to carry. This strategy is stated to
help people feel in greater phase with their true selves. But it really amounts to picking oneself
apart to look more like what we believe to be a gold standard to beauty.
2nd
problem: beauty is ephemeral. As ever evolving beings, our morphology and
physical aspects continue to modify, leaving punctual beauty a tale of constant
maintenance. Be it cosmetic surgery or
medicines, each have a “shelf life” and require regular renewal – and, of
course, a renewed budget. Furthermore,
Vivian Diller, psychologist specialized in beauty and self-image, has found
it’s a slippery slope: one surgery generally leads to more. Getting eyelids done can highlight the need
for neck surgery, etc. A thirst for
perfection is rarely quenched. As a consequence, we become caught in a
cycle of preservation and conservation… and, above all, a cycle of
dissatisfaction and perfectionism… rather than nourishing our own interior
beauty, growth, development.
3rd
problem: current quests for beauty
fragment the body. If you look at the
cover of almost any women’s magazine, you’ll see suggestions and promotions on
how to change your buttocks or your thighs or your double chin or your
breasts. There’s a new product out
that’s working wonders called Cellulaze,
a laser technology which can help you “zero in” on cellulite in order to
banish it. Here’s the sell: Perfecting bits and pieces of our bodies, one
piece at a time. What a tayloristic idea
of the body! Studies
have shown that people report increased satisfaction with the body part on
which they had surgery but results are mixed on whether plastic surgery boosts
their self-esteem, quality of life, self-confidence and interpersonal
relationships in the long term.
The point here is that we should be focused on
the whole of the body, with a holistic approach to the body to go beyond only
the physical and momentaneous to incorporate the many facets of the person.
Consider the Japanese economist Takuro Morinaga who has proposed to tax
good-looking men due to their “seduction monopoly” and therefore help more
homely men find wives by giving them a financial advantage in the seduction
game. Sounds a little crazy but the
debate is now open and even being considered by Daniel Hamermesh mentioned
above as a means to fight workplace discrimination based on looks.
But who
decrees who is ugly? And shouldn’t these
men be working on their inter-relational and interpersonal skills to help
themselves find a wife or a job rather than trying to quantify an ugliness
handicap? A person is a whole, not just
a morsel. We should synergize our personal resources instead of reducing and
fragmenting ourselves into isolated bits and pieces. After all, who can really determine the
reasons behind one person earning more than another? Maybe it’s only a question
of beauty… but it’s likely that poise and confidence play an even bigger
role. As long as our attention is
diverted to perfecting bits and pieces, we can’t build overall confidence.
4th
problem: normalized beauty as a
prerequisite. As David Le Breton has pointed
out: our society gives us the impression
that we are responsible for our looks / the face we show. Going even further, sociologist Gilles Lipovetsky
has remarked that there is no longer anything tabou against wanting to improve
one’s image… and that, on the contrary, what is now becoming “obscene” is to
appear old or ugly considering the options we have at our disposal.
The farther
we push this folly of perfection, the more locked into it we will all
become. I am a regular-bodied woman
somewhere between slim and not quite so slim.
What I would call “normal”. But I
have already found myself in group conversations in which all the women were
slim to skinny and “joking” about going together to Morocco for promotional
liposuction. That these particularly
thin women feel compelled to pursue liposuction is already disheartening
enough; but what pushes my buttons is the ideal they’re seeking would make me
abnormally fat. On another occasion, an
entirely different group was conversing one day about breast enhancement
surgery, listing the women (most of whom were professionals, educated, married,
and mothers) who had undergone the procedure – each time with some great
rationale: she had become so
embarrassed, she hadn’t felt like a woman anymore, or having small breasts made
her feel handicapped, abnormal. And
everyone applauds the great self empowerment the enhancement surgery has
brought her.
But did
anyone consider the causes behind such self-dissatisfaction? How does a “self” get so caught up in breast
size? And, if everyone carries a cup C,
D, or E (because bigger is again abnormal), how will any selves be able to
avoid it in the future?
Another
example: Asian women’s eye-shape surgery
and leg lengthening. There’s debate as
to whether it’s for meeting Western beauty ideals or if it’s their own beauty
ideal but, to me, it illustrates clearly the
self-rejection for which our Beauty god is being misused.
For please
don’t misinterpret my message: beauty is
a wonderful and enchanting aspect of our human lives. So is feeling we look attractive. So is seduction (even if more and more scientists are unveiling that
attraction is also greatly determined by auto-immune system compatibility and
other biological traits). It would be
naïve and even a shame to pretend beauty doesn’t or shouldn’t play a role in
our lives. The issue here is that Beauty has become Monotheism… and that we need
to re-empower diversity.
The current
Beauty Monotheism is a great cloning machine that is anti-diversity,
anti-difference, anti-individuality (a great paradox as we pretend that
individuals play the beauty game to fulfill their individuality!). We may use the individuality &
empowerment excuse but the fact is that it’s conformity at work. More and more often, we see other ethnicities
in movies and modeling … but somehow they all look alike. Even the beauty pageants in India are
prepared and judged according to Western (and Caucasian) characteristics.
As far as I
can see, it’s our performance society forcing us to hook more “consumers”, and
which can be counterproductive for our real need for deep and enriching
relationships with others.
But must we
please and seduce EVERYONE? I’ve already
written about the “Confirmation Maze” and this trouble of needing positive feedback
from everyone on their projected, still-life, identities.
And must we
be only consumables? Bit by bit?
Monotheistic
Beauty doesn’t follow such rigid standards when it comes to inter-human
relationships… although it could become that way if we have never doted
ourselves on anything with more quality and worth than just appearances.
Above all,
these short term fix-it strategies push us into a position of dissatisfaction
and a posture that is very unforgiving of ourselves and of others (who, in turn,
are unforgiving of us).
And here’s
the big question: should the mission of
our societies in which each citizen is expected to contribute come down to this
type of quest for not just perfection but flawlessness?
Is that the
value that can best serve us? As a
society? As a species?
Flawless
beauty is divisive, stoking competition and egocentricity, it’s a centrifugal
force that is far from optimal in a polis where we come together and cooperate
according to ideals (gesellschaft) rather than tribal confirmations tied only
to blood lines (gemeinschaft).
How can our
society move forward when a disproportionate amount of time, energy, and other
resources are being hostage to flawlessness?
I will
develop this further in later blogs but suffice it say here that this
Monotheistic Beauty is a false god who will necessarily betray us individually…
and, more importantly, collectively. Let
us put our minds, our resources, our intelligence, our companies’ Research
& Development to more constructive products and services than quick-fix,
enslaving beauty.
Talk you
next week, for another bite of the apple!
- Eve